asp.net web中GridView的多种使用方法（详解）

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灵活使用asp.net中gridview控件的方法有很多种，本文内容很富，希望大家都能有所收获。

1.GridView无代码分页排序：

效果图：

小提示：

1.AllowSorting设为True，aspx代码中是AllowSorting="True"；
2.默认1页10条，如果要修改每页条数，修改PageSize即可，在aspx代码中是PageSize="12"。
3.默认的是单向排序的，右击GridView弹出“属性”，选择AllowSorting为True即可。

2.GridView选中，编辑，取消，删除：

效果图：

后台代码：
你可以使用sqlhelper,本文没用。代码如下：

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using System; using System.Data; using System.Configuration; using System.Web; using System.Web.Security; using System.Web.UI; using System.Web.UI.WebControls; using System.Web.UI.WebControls.WebParts; using System.Web.UI.HtmlControls; using System.Data.SqlClient;   public partial class _Default : System.Web.UI.Page { SqlConnection sqlcon; SqlCommand sqlcom; string strCon = "Data Source=(local);Database=数据库名;Uid=帐号wd=密码" ; protected void Page_Load( object sender, EventArgs e) { if (!IsPostBack) { bind(); } } protected void GridView1_RowEditing( object sender, GridViewEditEventArgs e) { GridView1.EditIndex = e.NewEditIndex; bind(); }   //删除 protected void GridView1_RowDeleting( object sender, GridViewDeleteEventArgs e) { string sqlstr = "delete from 表 where id='" + GridView1.DataKeys[e.RowIndex].Value.ToString() + "'" ; sqlcon = new SqlConnection(strCon); sqlcom = new SqlCommand(sqlstr,sqlcon); sqlcon.Open(); sqlcom.ExecuteNonQuery(); sqlcon.Close(); bind(); }   //更新 protected void GridView1_RowUpdating( object sender, GridViewUpdateEventArgs e) { sqlcon = new SqlConnection(strCon); string sqlstr = "update 表 set 字段1='" + ((TextBox)(GridView1.Rows[e.RowIndex].Cells[1].Controls[0])).Text.ToString().Trim() + "',字段2='" + ((TextBox)(GridView1.Rows[e.RowIndex].Cells[2].Controls[0])).Text.ToString().Trim() + "',字段3='" + ((TextBox)(GridView1.Rows[e.RowIndex].Cells[3].Controls[0])).Text.ToString().Trim() + "' where id='" + GridView1.DataKeys[e.RowIndex].Value.ToString() + "'" ; sqlcom= new SqlCommand(sqlstr,sqlcon); sqlcon.Open(); sqlcom.ExecuteNonQuery(); sqlcon.Close(); GridView1.EditIndex = -1; bind(); }   //取消 protected void GridView1_RowCancelingEdit( object sender, GridViewCancelEditEventArgs e) { GridView1.EditIndex = -1; bind(); }   //绑定 public void bind() { string sqlstr = "select * from 表" ; sqlcon = new SqlConnection(strCon); SqlDataAdapter myda = new SqlDataAdapter(sqlstr, sqlcon); DataSet myds = new DataSet(); sqlcon.Open(); myda.Fill(myds, "表" ); GridView1.DataSource = myds; GridView1.DataKeyNames = new string [] { "id" }; //主键 GridView1.DataBind(); sqlcon.Close(); } }

前台主要代码：

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3.GridView正反双向排序：
效果图：点姓名各2次的排序，点其他也一样可以。

后台代码：

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using System; using System.Data; using System.Configuration; using System.Collections; using System.Web; using System.Web.Security; using System.Web.UI; using System.Web.UI.WebControls; using System.Web.UI.WebControls.WebParts; using System.Web.UI.HtmlControls; using System.Data.SqlClient; public partial class Default3 : System.Web.UI.Page {   SqlConnection sqlcon; string strCon = "Data Source=(local);Database=北风贸易;Uid=sawd=" ; protected void Page_Load( object sender, EventArgs e) { if (!IsPostBack) { ViewState[ "SortOrder" ] = "身份证号码" ; ViewState[ "OrderDire" ] = "ASC" ; bind(); } } protected void GridView1_Sorting( object sender, GridViewSortEventArgs e) { string sPage = e.SortExpression; if (ViewState[ "SortOrder" ].ToString() == sPage) { if (ViewState[ "OrderDire" ].ToString() == "Desc" ) ViewState[ "OrderDire" ] = "ASC" ; else ViewState[ "OrderDire" ] = "Desc" ; } else { ViewState[ "SortOrder" ] = e.SortExpression; } bind(); }   public void bind() {   string sqlstr = "select top 5 * from 飞狐工作室" ; sqlcon = new SqlConnection(strCon); SqlDataAdapter myda = new SqlDataAdapter(sqlstr, sqlcon); DataSet myds = new DataSet(); sqlcon.Open(); myda.Fill(myds, "飞狐工作室" ); DataView view = myds.Tables[ "飞狐工作室" ].DefaultView; string sort = ( string )ViewState[ "SortOrder" ] + " " + ( string )ViewState[ "OrderDire" ]; view.Sort = sort; GridView1.DataSource = view; GridView1.DataBind(); sqlcon.Close(); } }

前台主要代码：

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< asp:GridView ID = "GridView1" runat = "server" AllowSorting = "True" CellPadding = "3" Font-Size = "9pt" OnSorting = "GridView1_Sorting" BackColor = "White" BorderColor = "#CCCCCC" BorderStyle = "None" BorderWidth = "1px" > < FooterStyle BackColor = "White" ForeColor = "#000066" /> < Columns > < asp:BoundField DataField = "身份证号码" HeaderText = "用户ID" SortExpression = "身份证号码" /> < asp:BoundField DataField = "姓名" HeaderText = "用户姓名" SortExpression = "姓名" /> < asp:BoundField DataField = "员工性别" HeaderText = "性别" SortExpression = "员工性别" /> < asp:BoundField DataField = "家庭住址" HeaderText = "家庭住址" SortExpression = "家庭住址" />   < RowStyle ForeColor = "#000066" /> < SelectedRowStyle BackColor = "#669999" Font-Bold = "True" ForeColor = "White" /> < PagerStyle BackColor = "White" ForeColor = "#000066" HorizontalAlign = "Left" /> < HeaderStyle BackColor = "#006699" Font-Bold = "True" ForeColor = "White" />

4.GridView和下拉菜单DropDownList结合：

效果图：

后台代码：

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using System; using System.Data; using System.Configuration; using System.Collections; using System.Web; using System.Web.Security; using System.Web.UI; using System.Web.UI.WebControls; using System.Web.UI.WebControls.WebParts; using System.Web.UI.HtmlControls; using System.Data.SqlClient; public partial class Default4 : System.Web.UI.Page { SqlConnection sqlcon; string strCon = "Data Source=(local);Database=北风贸易;Uid=sawd=sa" ; protected void Page_Load( object sender, EventArgs e) { DropDownList ddl; if (!IsPostBack) { string sqlstr = "select top 5 * from 飞狐工作室" ; sqlcon = new SqlConnection(strCon); SqlDataAdapter myda = new SqlDataAdapter(sqlstr, sqlcon); DataSet myds = new DataSet(); sqlcon.Open(); myda.Fill(myds, "飞狐工作室" ); GridView1.DataSource = myds; GridView1.DataBind(); for ( int i = 0; i <= GridView1.Rows.Count - 1; i++) { DataRowView mydrv = myds.Tables[ "飞狐工作室" ].DefaultView; if (Convert.ToString(mydrv[ "员工性别" ]).Trim() == "True" ) { ddl = (DropDownList)GridView1.Rows.FindControl( "DropDownList1" ); ddl.SelectedIndex = 0; } if (Convert.ToString(mydrv[ "员工性别" ]).Trim() == "False" ) { ddl = (DropDownList)GridView1.Rows.FindControl( "DropDownList1" ); ddl.SelectedIndex = 1; } } sqlcon.Close(); } } public SqlDataReader ddlbind() { string sqlstr = "select distinct 员工性别 from 飞狐工作室" ; sqlcon = new SqlConnection(strCon); SqlCommand sqlcom = new SqlCommand(sqlstr, sqlcon); sqlcon.Open(); return sqlcom.ExecuteReader(); }

前台主要代码：

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< asp:GridView ID = "GridView1" runat = "server" AllowSorting = "True" CellPadding = "3" Font-Size = "9pt" BackColor = "White" BorderColor = "#CCCCCC" BorderStyle = "None" BorderWidth = "1px" > < FooterStyle BackColor = "White" ForeColor = "#000066" /> < Columns > < asp:BoundField DataField = "身份证号码" HeaderText = "用户ID" SortExpression = "身份证号码" /> < asp:BoundField DataField = "姓名" HeaderText = "用户姓名" SortExpression = "姓名" /> < asp:TemplateField HeaderText = "员工性别" > < ItemTemplate > < aspropDownList ID = "DropDownList1" runat = "server" DataSource='<%# ddlbind()%>' DataValueField="员工性别" DataTextField="员工性别"> ropDownList > < asp:BoundField DataField = "家庭住址" HeaderText = "家庭住址" SortExpression = "家庭住址" />   < RowStyle ForeColor = "#000066" /> < SelectedRowStyle BackColor = "#669999" Font-Bold = "True" ForeColor = "White" /> < PagerStyle BackColor = "White" ForeColor = "#000066" HorizontalAlign = "Left" /> < HeaderStyle BackColor = "#006699" Font-Bold = "True" ForeColor = "White" />

 5.GridView和CheckBox结合：

效果图：

后台代码：

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using System; using System.Data; using System.Configuration; using System.Web; using System.Web.Security; using System.Web.UI; using System.Web.UI.WebControls; using System.Web.UI.WebControls.WebParts; using System.Web.UI.HtmlControls; using System.Data.SqlClient;   public partial class Default5 : System.Web.UI.Page { SqlConnection sqlcon; string strCon = "Data Source=(local);Database=北风贸易;Uid=sawd=sa" ; protected void Page_Load( object sender, EventArgs e) { if (!IsPostBack) { bind(); } } protected void CheckBox2_CheckedChanged( object sender, EventArgs e) { for ( int i = 0; i <= GridView1.Rows.Count - 1; i++) { CheckBox cbox = (CheckBox)GridView1.Rows.FindControl( "CheckBox1" ); if (CheckBox2.Checked == true ) { cbox.Checked = true ; } else { cbox.Checked = false ; } } } protected void Button2_Click( object sender, EventArgs e) { sqlcon = new SqlConnection(strCon); SqlCommand sqlcom; for ( int i = 0; i <= GridView1.Rows.Count - 1; i++) { CheckBox cbox = (CheckBox)GridView1.Rows.FindControl( "CheckBox1" ); if (cbox.Checked == true ) {   string sqlstr = "delete from 飞狐工作室 where 身份证号码='" + GridView1.DataKeys.Value + "'" ; sqlcom = new SqlCommand(sqlstr, sqlcon); sqlcon.Open(); sqlcom.ExecuteNonQuery(); sqlcon.Close(); } } bind(); } protected void Button1_Click( object sender, EventArgs e) { CheckBox2.Checked = false ; for ( int i = 0; i <= GridView1.Rows.Count - 1; i++) { CheckBox cbox = (CheckBox)GridView1.Rows.FindControl( "CheckBox1" ); cbox.Checked = false ; } } public void bind() { string sqlstr = "select top 5 * from 飞狐工作室" ; sqlcon = new SqlConnection(strCon); SqlDataAdapter myda = new SqlDataAdapter(sqlstr, sqlcon); DataSet myds = new DataSet(); sqlcon.Open(); myda.Fill(myds, "tb_Member" ); GridView1.DataSource = myds; GridView1.DataKeyNames = new string [] { "身份证号码" }; GridView1.DataBind(); sqlcon.Close(); } }

前台主要代码：

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< asp:GridView ID = "GridView1" runat = "server" AllowSorting = "True" CellPadding = "3" Font-Size = "9pt" BackColor = "White" BorderColor = "#CCCCCC" BorderStyle = "None" BorderWidth = "1px" > < FooterStyle BackColor = "White" ForeColor = "#000066" /> < Columns > < asp:TemplateField > < ItemTemplate > < asp:CheckBox ID = "CheckBox1" runat = "server" /> < asp:BoundField DataField = "身份证号码" HeaderText = "用户ID" SortExpression = "身份证号码" /> < asp:BoundField DataField = "姓名" HeaderText = "用户姓名" SortExpression = "姓名" />   < asp:BoundField DataField = "家庭住址" HeaderText = "家庭住址" SortExpression = "家庭住址" />   < RowStyle ForeColor = "#000066" /> < SelectedRowStyle BackColor = "#669999" Font-Bold = "True" ForeColor = "White" /> < PagerStyle BackColor = "White" ForeColor = "#000066" HorizontalAlign = "Left" /> < HeaderStyle BackColor = "#006699" Font-Bold = "True" ForeColor = "White" /> < asp:CheckBox ID = "CheckBox2" runat = "server" Font-Size = "9pt" OnCheckedChanged = "CheckBox2_CheckedChanged" Text = "全选" /> < asp:Button ID = "Button1" runat = "server" Font-Size = "9pt" Text = "取消" OnClick = "Button1_Click" /> < asp:Button ID = "Button2" runat = "server" Font-Size = "9pt" Text = "删除" OnClick = "Button2_Click" />

 6.鼠标移到GridView某一行时改变该行的背景色方法一：

效果图：

 

做法：
双击GridView的OnRowDataBound事件；
在后台的GridView1_RowDataBound()方法添加代码，最后代码如下所示：

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protected void GridView1_RowDataBound( object sender, GridViewRowEventArgs e) { int i; //执行循环，保证每条数据都可以更新 for (i = 0; i < GridView1.Rows.Count; i++) { //首先判断是否是数据行 if (e.Row.RowType == DataControlRowType.DataRow) { //当鼠标停留时更改背景色 e.Row.Attributes.Add( "onmouseover" , "c=this.style.backgroundColor;this.style.backgroundColor='#00A9FF'" ); //当鼠标移开时还原背景色 e.Row.Attributes.Add( "onmouseout" , "this.style.backgroundColor=c" ); } }   }

前台代码：

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< html xmlns = "http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" > < head runat = "server" > < title >实现鼠标划过改变GridView的行背景色 清清月儿http://blog.csdn.net/21aspnet < body > < form id = "form1" runat = "server" > < div > < asp:GridView ID = "GridView1" runat = "server" DataKeyNames = "身份证号码" DataSourceID = "SqlDataSource1" AllowSorting = "True" BackColor = "White" BorderColor = "#CCCCCC" BorderStyle = "None" BorderWidth = "1px" CellPadding = "3" Font-Size = "12px" OnRowDataBound = "GridView1_RowDataBound" > < Columns > < asp:BoundField DataField = "身份证号码" HeaderText = "身份证号码" ReadOnly = "True" SortExpression = "身份证号码" /> < asp:BoundField DataField = "姓名" HeaderText = "姓名" SortExpression = "姓名" /> < asp:BoundField DataField = "家庭住址" HeaderText = "家庭住址" SortExpression = "家庭住址" /> < asp:BoundField DataField = "邮政编码" HeaderText = "邮政编码" SortExpression = "邮政编码" /> < FooterStyle BackColor = "White" ForeColor = "#000066" /> < RowStyle ForeColor = "#000066" /> < SelectedRowStyle BackColor = "#669999" Font-Bold = "True" ForeColor = "White" /> < PagerStyle BackColor = "White" ForeColor = "#000066" HorizontalAlign = "Left" /> < HeaderStyle BackColor = "#006699" Font-Bold = "True" ForeColor = "White" /> < asp:SqlDataSource ID = "SqlDataSource1" runat = "server" ConnectionString="<%$ ConnectionStrings:北风贸易ConnectionString1 %>" SelectCommand="SELECT top 5 [身份证号码], [姓名], [员工性别], [家庭住址], [邮政编码] FROM [飞狐工作室]" DataSourceMode="DataReader">

7.鼠标移到GridView某一行时改变该行的背景色方法二：

效果图：

做法：和上面的一样就是代码不同

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protected void GridView1_RowDataBound( object sender, GridViewRowEventArgs e) { //int i; 执行循环，保证每条数据都可以更新 //for (i = 0; i < GridView1.Rows.Count; i++) //{ // //首先判断是否是数据行 // if (e.Row.RowType == DataControlRowType.DataRow) // { // //当鼠标停留时更改背景色 // e.Row.Attributes.Add("onmouseover", "c=this.style.backgroundColor;this.style.backgroundColor='#00A9FF'"); // //当鼠标移开时还原背景色 // e.Row.Attributes.Add("onmouseout", "this.style.backgroundColor=c"); // } //} //如果是绑定数据行 if (e.Row.RowType == DataControlRowType.DataRow) { //鼠标经过时，行背景色变 e.Row.Attributes.Add( "onmouseover" , "this.style.backgroundColor='#E6F5FA'" ); //鼠标移出时，行背景色变 e.Row.Attributes.Add( "onmouseout" , "this.style.backgroundColor='#FFFFFF'" ); }   }

8.GridView实现删除时弹出确认对话框：

效果图：

实现方法：
双击GridView的OnRowDataBound事件；
在后台的GridView1_RowDataBound()方法添加代码，最后代码如下所示：

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protected void GridView1_RowDataBound( object sender, GridViewRowEventArgs e) { //如果是绑定数据行 if (e.Row.RowType == DataControlRowType.DataRow) { if (e.Row.RowState == DataControlRowState.Normal || e.Row.RowState == DataControlRowState.Alternate) { ((LinkButton)e.Row.Cells[6].Controls[0]).Attributes.Add( "onclick" , "javascript:return confirm('你确认要删除：/" " + e.Row.Cells[1].Text + " / "吗?')" ); } }   }

9.GridView实现自动编号：

效果图：

实现方法：
双击GridView的OnRowDataBound事件；
在后台的GridView1_RowDataBound()方法添加代码，最后代码如下所示：

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protected void GridView1_RowDataBound( object sender, GridViewRowEventArgs e) { //如果是绑定数据行   if (e.Row.RowType == DataControlRowType.DataRow) { 鼠标经过时，行背景色变 //e.Row.Attributes.Add("onmouseover", "this.style.backgroundColor='#E6F5FA'"); 鼠标移出时，行背景色变 //e.Row.Attributes.Add("onmouseout", "this.style.backgroundColor='#FFFFFF'");   当有编辑列时，避免出错，要加的RowState判断 //if (e.Row.RowState == DataControlRowState.Normal || e.Row.RowState == DataControlRowState.Alternate) //{ // ((LinkButton)e.Row.Cells[6].Controls[0]).Attributes.Add("onclick", "javascript:return confirm('你确认要删除：/"" + e.Row.Cells[1].Text + "/"吗?')"); //}   } if (e.Row.RowIndex != -1) { int id = e.Row.RowIndex + 1; e.Row.Cells[0].Text = id.ToString(); }   }

 注意这时最好把前台的第一列的表头该为“编号”，因为以前的第一列被“吃掉”了。

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< asp:GridView ID = "GridView1" runat = "server" CellPadding = "3" OnRowDeleting = "GridView1_RowDeleting" OnRowEditing = "GridView1_RowEditing" OnRowUpdating = "GridView1_RowUpdating" OnRowCancelingEdit = "GridView1_RowCancelingEdit" BackColor = "White" BorderColor = "#CCCCCC" BorderStyle = "None" BorderWidth = "1px" Font-Size = "12px" OnRowDataBound = "GridView1_RowDataBound" > < FooterStyle BackColor = "White" ForeColor = "#000066" /> < Columns > < asp:BoundField DataField = "身份证号码" HeaderText = "编号" ReadOnly = "True" /> < asp:BoundField DataField = "姓名" HeaderText = "用户姓名" /> < asp:BoundField DataField = "员工性别" HeaderText = "性别" /> < asp:BoundField DataField = "家庭住址" HeaderText = "家庭住址" /> < asp:CommandField HeaderText = "选择" ShowSelectButton = "True" /> < asp:CommandField HeaderText = "编辑" ShowEditButton = "True" /> < asp:CommandField HeaderText = "删除" ShowDeleteButton = "True" /> < RowStyle ForeColor = "#000066" /> < SelectedRowStyle BackColor = "#669999" Font-Bold = "True" ForeColor = "White" /> < PagerStyle BackColor = "White" ForeColor = "#000066" HorizontalAlign = "Left" /> < HeaderStyle BackColor = "#006699" Font-Bold = "True" ForeColor = "White" />

10.GridView实现自定义时间货币等字符串格式：

效果图：
图1-未格式化前

 

图2-格式化后

 

解决方法：
在asp.net 2.0中，如果要在绑定列中显示比如日期格式等，如果用下面的方法是显示不了的

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< asp :BoundField DataField = "CreationDate" DataFormatString = "{0:M-dd-yyyy}" HeaderText = "CreationDate" />

主要是由于htmlencode属性默认设置为true,已防止XSS攻击，安全起见而用的，所以，可以有以下两种方法解决

第一种：

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< asp :GridView ID = "GridView1" runat = "server" > < columns > < asp :BoundField DataField = "CreationDate" DataFormatString = "{0:M-dd-yyyy}" HtmlEncode = "false" HeaderText = "CreationDate" />

将htmlencode设置为false即可

另外的解决方法为，使用模版列

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< asp :GridView ID = "GridView3" runat = "server" > < columns > < asp :TemplateField HeaderText = "CreationDate" > < edititemtemplate > < asp abel ID = "Label1" runat = "server" Text='<%# eval_r("CreationDate", "{0:M-dd-yyyy}") %>'> < itemtemplate > < asp abel ID = "Label1" runat = "server" Text='<%# Bind("CreationDate", "{0:M-dd-yyyy}") %>'>

前台代码：

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< asp:GridView ID = "GridView1" runat = "server" DataKeyNames = "身份证号码" DataSourceID = "SqlDataSource1" AllowSorting = "True" BackColor = "White" BorderColor = "#CCCCCC" BorderStyle = "None" BorderWidth = "1px" CellPadding = "3" Font-Size = "12px" OnRowDataBound = "GridView1_RowDataBound" > < Columns > < asp:BoundField DataField = "身份证号码" HeaderText = "身份证号码" ReadOnly = "True" SortExpression = "身份证号码" /> < asp:BoundField DataField = "姓名" HeaderText = "姓名" SortExpression = "姓名" /> < asp:BoundField DataField = "邮政编码" HeaderText = "邮政编码" SortExpression = "邮政编码" /> < asp:BoundField DataField = "出生日期" HeaderText = "出生日期" SortExpression = "出生日期" /> < asp:BoundField DataField = "起薪" HeaderText = "起薪" SortExpression = "起薪" /> < FooterStyle BackColor = "White" ForeColor = "#000066" /> < RowStyle ForeColor = "#000066" /> < SelectedRowStyle BackColor = "#669999" Font-Bold = "True" ForeColor = "White" /> < PagerStyle BackColor = "White" ForeColor = "#000066" HorizontalAlign = "Left" /> < HeaderStyle BackColor = "#006699" Font-Bold = "True" ForeColor = "White" /> < asp:SqlDataSource ID = "SqlDataSource1" runat = "server" ConnectionString="<%$ ConnectionStrings:北风贸易ConnectionString1 %>" SelectCommand="SELECT top 5 [出生日期], [起薪], [身份证号码], [姓名], [家庭住址], [邮政编码] FROM [飞狐工作室]" DataSourceMode="DataReader">

附录-常用格式化公式：
{0:C} 货币；
{04}由0填充的4个字符宽的字段中显示整数；
{0:000.0}四舍五入小数点保留第几位有效数字；
{0:N2}小数点保留2位有效数字；{0:N2}% 小数点保留2位有效数字加百分号；
{0}长日期；{0:d}短日期；{0:yy-MM-dd} 例如07-3-25；；{0:yyyy-MM-dd} 例如2007-3-25

来源：https://blog.csdn.net/zou15093087438/article/details/79637042
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